As you make changes to your code, you'll need to commit them before you proceed with a merge or check out another branch. When you check out a branch, your working directory changes to reflect that branch's state. There are quite a few additional things you can do with the checkout command, but the above should be enough for making most of your merges work. Git-checkout - Switch branches or restore working tree files. Running git checkout -b newbranchname should do the trick in this case. However, it is also possible to create a new branch and switch over to it automatically. If the branch you are looking to switch over to already exists, then you can use the checkout command followed by its name to get there. For those who are unfamiliar with this step, the git checkout command is used to move from one branch to another. If you’ve already completed changes on a feature branch in your codebase, then you likely know how to handle the checkout command. Merging a branch can be as easy as running the git merge command, but you'll need to know a bit more about the branch you want changes to be added to and the branch you're looking to pull data from before doing so. This translates to Git intuitively selecting an appropriate merging algorithm and the common ancestor between the two branches you intend to combine, then creating a single commit that joins them both together, incorporating new code in the process. Once you have completed a merge operation, your codebase will reflect whatever changes you’ve pulled into it, allowing others to use them or otherwise take them into account for additional development or deployment processes. A series of commands are used to select the appropriate branch to merge code changes into, identify the right branch to pull these changes from and delete the branch that’s no longer required for testing, and develop the newly incorporated changes. When you merge with Git, your code's history is consolidated into a single, sequential timeline ending in its latest version. Read on to learn how best to manage your own merges. A slew of poorly executed merges can make changes to your codebase difficult to understand and identify, slowing down production as they pile up. Linus Torvalds, the man responsible for creating Git, has even complained about badly constructed merges, such as those GitHub often generates and the trouble they cause for active development. At the very least, improper merging techniques can create headaches for fellow coders later on, confusing the history of your codebase and defeating the general purpose of using Git in the first place. However, completing a seemingly simple merge can quickly become a chore if issues arise. Git is a powerhouse for pushing code improvements and modifications from a local work environment to a remote production server or public repository. Merging is at the core of the version control system Git's feature set.
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